To receive refugee status, a person must have applied for asylum, making them—while waiting for a decision—an asylum seeker. It also underpins the work of UNHCR. 9. Refugees, adopted in 1951, is the centrepiece of international refugee protec-tion today. The Refugee Convention was drafted in the aftermath of World War II, which saw many millions of people displaced across Europe. There are currently 144 States Parties to the 1951 Convention and 145 to its 1967 Protocol, with 142 States Parties to both the Convention and Protocol. Handbook on Procedures and Criteria for Determining Refugee Status under the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol relating to the status of refugees. The controlling international convention on refugee law is the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees (1951 Convention) and its 1967 Optional Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees (1967 Optional Protocol). (1) The Convention entered into force on 22 April 1954, and it has been subject to only one amendment in the form of a 1967 Protocol, which removed the geographic and temporal limits of the 1951 Convention… Through an act of ratification or accession, countries become a party to a treaty. Refugees, adopted in 1951, is the centrepiece of international refugee protec-tion today. Such limitations were removed sixteen years later with the adoption of the 1967 Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees. Therefore, it is only with the 1967 amendments that the 1951 Convention has indeed become a valuable universal instrument for the protection of refugees. The 1951 Refugee Convention and 1967 Protocol are international legal instruments that countries voluntarily agree to be bound by. In 1967, the Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees removed these limitations. The treaty obligations do not necessarily become part of domestic law, though. The Protocol became legally binding on 4 October 1967. Guiding principles on Internal Displacement The Convention also defines a refugee’s obligations to host governments and certain categories or people, such as war criminals, who do not qualify for refugee status. 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees and the 1967 Protocol The Convention was drafted and signed by the United Nations Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Status of Refugees and Stateless Persons, held at Geneva from 2 to 25 July 1951. It is to be read alongside the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees (known as the Refugee Convention). (24) Immediate post-war European displacements had been dealt with on an ad hoc and group basis. This handbook is widely accepted by practitioners and most governments as an authoritative interpretation of the Refugee Convention. The Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, also known as the 1951 Refugee Convention or the Geneva Convention of 28 July 1951, is a United Nations multilateral treaty that defines who a refugee is, and sets out the rights of individuals who are granted asylum and the responsibilities of nations that grant asylum. The 1951 Refugee Convention and its 1967 Protocol help protect them. In this anniversary year of the Convention, It has become a common international practice for international agreements - whether bilateral or multilateral - to include provisions, known as jurisdictional clauses, providing that certain categories of disputes shall or may be subject to one or more methods of pacific dispute settlement. The 1951 Refugee Convention is a product of the Cold War environment, and it reflects both European experience of Nazi war-time persecutions and Western political interests as these were perceived at the time. The Conference was convened pursuant to resolution 429 (V), adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on … Under article 33 of the Refugee Convention, refugees cannot be sent to a place where they may be persecuted. Universal accession to the Refugee Convention is a valid and achievable goal. To receive refugee status, a person must have applied for asylum, making them—while waiting for a decision—an asylum seeker. Even more exclusive is the Convention refugee status which is given only to persons who fall within the refugee definition of the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol. It is to be read alongside the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees (known as the Refugee Convention). Some treaties or conventions confer jurisdiction on the Court. Again, this flows from the fact that, first, the recognition of a person as a refugee, whether under UNHCR's mandate or under the 1951 Convention or the 1967 Protocol, is declaratory in nature, and, second, that the principle of non-refoulement is a norm of customary international law. The Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, also known as the 1951 Refugee Convention or the Geneva Convention of 28 July 1951, is a United Nations multilateral treaty that defines who a refugee is, and sets out the rights of individuals who are granted asylum and the responsibilities of nations that grant asylum. The Convention was adopted by the United Nations Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Status of Refugees and Stateless Persons, held at Geneva from 2 to 25 July 1951. Even more exclusive is the Convention refugee status which is given only to persons who fall within the refugee definition of the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol. The 1967 Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees is an international treaty. The 1951 Refugee Convention and its 1967 Protocol help pro-tect them. In 1951, the United Nations (UN) law called Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, said a refugee was a person who is forced to leave their country due to natural disasters or war and conflict. It defines who is a refugee and outlines the rights of refugees and the legal obligations of states towards refugees. people in the world. Convention relating to the Status of Refugees Adopted on 28 July 1951 by the United Nations Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Status of Refugees and Stateless Persons convened under General Assembly resolution 429 (V) of 14 December 1950 Entry into force: 22 April 1954, in accordance with article 43. They clarify the rights of refu-gees and the obligations of the 148 States that are party to one or both of these instru-ments. Preamble . The 1951 Refugee Convention and its 1967 Protocol are the key legal documents that form the basis of our work. for Determining Refugee Status under the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees HCR/IP/4/Eng/REV.1 Reedited, Geneva, January 1992, UNHCR 1979 FOREWORD I) Refugee status, on the universal level, is governed by the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees. Handbook on Procedures and Criteria for Determining Refugee Status and Guidelines on International Protection Under the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees: Cite as The Convention was adopted by the United Nations Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Status of Refugees and Stateless Persons, held at Geneva from 2 to 25 July 1951. With 149 State parties to either or both, they define the term ‘refugee’ and outlines the rights of refugees, as well as the legal obligations of States to protect them. They are the only global legal instruments explicitly covering the most important aspects of a refugee’s life. The 1967 Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees is an international treaty. The High Contracting Parties, (1) The Convention entered into force on 22 April 1954, and it has been subject to only one amendment in the form of a 1967 Protocol, which removed the geographic and temporal limits of the 1951 Convention… The Conference was convened pursuant to General Assembly resolution 429 (V) of 14 December 1950. Recognizing that the United Nations Convention of 28 July 1951, as modified by the Protocol of 31 January 1967, constitutes the basic and universal instrument relating to the status of refugees and reflects the deep concern of States for refugees and their … The Conference was convened pursuant to resolution 429 (V), adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on … Key protections Non-refoulement. This fundamental principle is known as non-refoulement. 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